COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME HEAVY METALS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF EFFLUENTS FROM YOLA AND NUMAN ABATTOIRS, ADAMAWA STATE NIGERIA: Management

Abstract

This work compared some heavy metals and physicochemical properties of Effluents from Numan Abattoir, Numan Local Government Area and Yola Abattoir, Yola North Local Government Area.  A combination of field sampling, laboratory analysis, and Past 4.03 software was used to generate the correlation analysis. There is strong positive correlation between Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and conductivity is (0.9992); that is nearly perfect and expected, since TDS and conductivity are directly related. The TDS and temperature (0.9878), and Conductivity and temperature (0.9848) which suggests temperature increase may raise TDS and conductivity. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in relation to  Dissolved Oxygen (DO)is (0.8956), it is somewhat unusual; generally, COD increases as DO decreases in polluted water. In the other hand, there are strong negative correlations between pH and temperature which is (-0.7330); it indicates that as temperature rises, pH tends to drop. pH, conductivity and TDS (~ -0.75) which suggest that higher ionic content leads to lower pH (Hydrogen ion concentration). Pb and Mn shows moderate correlations with other parameter, e.g Pb and Fe (0.5041), Mn and DO (0.8821), this is quite strong, indicating Mn levels rise with dissolved oxygen (possibly due to geochemical oxidation). The spatial analysis highlighted areas of concern, particularly around effluent discharge points. This study underscores the need for regular environmental monitoring and the implementation of improved waste management practices to mitigate the potential health risks associated with heavy metal contamination. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and environmental managers, emphasizing the importance of geospatial analysis in environmental health studies.