NATURE AND TYPES OF INTERVENTIONS AVAILABLE TO THE INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS CAMPS IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study adopts a mixed-methods research design, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches to investigate the environmental conditions of Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) camps in Niger State, Nigeria, and their impact on host communities. Using primary data from surveys, interviews, and field observations, along with secondary data from published reports and scholarly articles, the study offers a comprehensive analysis of intervention efforts. The study population consists of IDP camp residents from Shiroro, Bosso, and Wushishi Local Government Areas (LGAs), as well as host community members, camp administrators, and NGO representatives. Stratified random, cluster, systematic, purposive, and snowball sampling techniques were employed to select 295 respondents proportionally across the three LGAs. Data collection tools included structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, checklists, and GPS technology for geospatial mapping, while data analysis utilized thematic analysis for qualitative data and descriptive and inferential statistics, such as chi-square tests and regression analysis, for quantitative data. Ethical considerations such as informed consent, confidentiality, and institutional approval were strictly observed. The results reveal significant gaps in the provision of essential services within the IDP camps, particularly in health care, food distribution, and education. Healthcare services were reported as largely inadequate, with only 40% of respondents having access to medical facilities, which aligns with findings from the World Health Organization on the widespread lack of healthcare in displacement settings. Food security is another major concern, with 70% of respondents receiving food aid on an irregular basis, exposing displaced populations to malnutrition and heightened vulnerability. Educational opportunities are similarly scarce, with just 20% of the children in the camps having access to schooling, further complicating efforts to provide stability and long-term development for displaced families. These challenges underscore the urgent need for more consistent and well-structured interventions to address both immediate and long-term needs. The study concludes that strengthening coordination among government agencies, international organizations, and local communities is essential to improving service delivery and addressing the identified gaps. Prioritizing capacity-building programs, skill acquisition initiatives, and enhanced health and education services will empower IDPs and promote self-reliance.